Linux Web Hosting Manual & Guide
 

CHAPTER ONE - General Features

1.1) OVERVIEW

1.2) WHAT DO YOU OFFER?

1.3) Using the Eudora mail client


1.1) OVERVIEW

1.1.1) Domain Name Usage & Activation

     JJsWebDev suggests that you use a service such as goDaddy.com for domain name registration. This makes sure that you are in complete control of the domain name even if you no longer continue to host with JJsWebdev. If you do not wish to attempt this on your own, we can certainly help you do this for a nominal fee.

Domain name registrations and transfers normally take 24-72 hours from the time you apply, until the time the registration is completed. Once your domain name is activated, and you change the domain name server information appropriately, you will be able to use yourname.com instead of your IP number.

We highly recommend that you use yourname.com instead of your assigned IP number. As our customer base grows, it is very possible that your domain might be moved from one machine to another, thus changing your IP address from time to time. Your account can also be accessed using the following URL:
http://JJsWebDev.com/~username

     FTP access is gained via logging into JJsWebDev.com OR the server's main IP address, with your assigned username and password, until such time that your own domain name is activated. Sub-domain name accounts, such as yourname.buwebeng.com, have no waiting period for name activation.

1.1.2) Company Contact Info


Support Dept: support@jjswebdev.com   Please include the login name and/or domain name you are referring to when you write to support. We can't yet tell from your e-mail address, unless we happen to remember working with you before, and we may need to know in order to help. If appropriate, tell us exactly what file(s) you are referring to.

1.2) WHAT DO YOU OFFER?

JJsWebDev offers storage space for web pages with global public access to those pages over the Internet. We also offer a limited form of program execution known as "cgi-bin". Our computers are Pentium III, or Pentium IV, class machines running the latest version of Apache web server software over the latest release of the Red Hat Linux operating system. Apache responds to web page fetch requests from remote browsers while Linux is one of several variants of the Unix operating system.

1.2.1) Web space

Every customer gets their own username and password that they can use to login to the control panel for their site. This panel has many useful features, from managing the site files to viewing statistics for site visitors.

Of particular interest is the File Manager. It provides a window to manage all of the files on your site. The file manager starts in the home directory - /home/username, and contains a subdirectory named "public_html". Files placed in "public_html" are visible to remote browsers over the Internet via your URL.

As many clients are used to having their main directory refered to as "www", we have created another directory as such. When www is attempted to be accessed, the directory is automatically redirected to the correct public_html directory. For example, when a browser asks for URL http://yourname.com/page.html, Apache looks for the file /home/username/public_html/page.html and sends it out. If you have not registered "yourdomain.com" and specified JJsWebDev as its domain name server, then the remote browser must ask for URL http://JJsWebDev.com/~username/page.html to get the page, or the static IP number that you were supplied. Please be advised that static IPs may change from time to time, due to server re-arrangements that sometimes are necessary.

Now that we know where the files have to be located in order to be visible from the Internet, just how do we put the files there? There are a couple of ways: Withing the File Manager, you can use the Upload Files Link in the folder you wish to upload content. You can use any ftp program available for your system. Both non-secure and secure FTP will work. Simple ftp to your domain name, and use the same username and password as the control panel. You need an FTP program, many of which are available at Download.com.

Once the FTP program has been installed, double-click on the FTP icon. This will bring up a "session profile" form. Under hostname, fill in your domain name (yourdomain.com, for example). Under username, fill in your username. Under password, put in your password. Make sure the checkbox for "Anonymous Login" is CLEARED.

Usually, these ftp programs have some "initial directories", you may specify which directories you want to work with on your local system and on your JJsWebDev system. Under "remote host", specify /home/username/public_html. Under "local PC", specify the folder where your web files are located.

Typically, t o send a file from your local PC to your JJsWebDev public_html directory, double click on the local file you want to send. Often, the mode of file transfer (ascii or binary) is selected automatically. But often you can override these settings, just make sure that text-based files - such as html and php files- are sent ascii, other files should be sent binary mode (such as images and pdf files).

1.2.2) The "home" page and HTML

The filename of your home page should be named index.htm , index.html or index.php. The web server will automatically send the file at path /home/username/public_html/index.htm or /home/username/public_html/index.html or /home/username/public_html/index.php when a browser specifies http://yourdomain.com. The web server will choose one of these files if more than one exists, so if you change the page, and the changes are not evident through the site, you may want to make sure that only one of these files exists.

1.2.3) FTP Space

All accounts, except non static IP accounts, come preset up with an ANONYMOUS ftp area where files can be uploaded or downloaded by anyone in the world without a password. This area is necessarily separate from web space and password protected ftp space for obvious reasons. If you want both upload and download anonymous ftp, you may want a read-only subdirectory for distributing files and a separate write-only subdirectory for receiving files. This is to prevent files that you are distributing from being destroyed accidentally, and to prevent files uploaded to you from being distributed to others before you examine them. The location of this directory is /home/username/public_ftp/

Thru the browser control panel, you may also set up individual logins for extra FTP users, whom can have acces to a special subdirectory of your public_html directory. See the control panel instructions for informatioon how to go about this.

1.2.4) Telnet/SSH Account

By default, for security reasons, shell access to the account has been disabled. But if you find the need to have such access, just contact support@jjswebdev.com.

A telnet/ssh account is just another name for a Unix/Linux username. You need at least one to be able to upload/download your html files. When you sign up with JJsWebDev, it is the same username and password you were provided for the control panel.

Multiple telnet/ssh accounts are useful when more than one staff member will be working on the domain. You may wish to set it up so that different accounts have different security levels. For example, you could make it so only one telnet account could access your listserver data. For those of you wishing sophisticated access control, we will be happy to create additional groups for your domain. That may not make sense to those of you who are not Unix veterans, but it can allow you to have one account able to access only one directory while your others can access all directories, including that one. Some of the programs available at the shell prompt are mail, a primitive email program, and pine, a much more powerful email program, ftp, to FTP onto other sites, telnet, to telnet onto other sites, and lynx, a text-only WWW browser, pico, an easy to use text editor.

NOTE: Straight telnet is disabled due security reasons -  Please use SSH access.

1.2.5) Cgi-bin Access

"CGI" stands for "Common Gateway Interface", a fancy name meaning computer programs running on the web server that can be invoked from a WWW page at the browser. The "bin" part alludes to the binary executables that result from compiled or assembled programs. It is a bit misleading because cgis can also be Unix shell scripts or interpreted languages like Perl.

A typical use for cgi is the processing of online forms. When the user fills in the boxes on the form and hits the SUBMIT button, the cgi program specified in the html will be run at the server, and the information in the boxes become available to the program as parameters. The program, being a program, can then do anything the programmer wanted it to do.

For example:

"cgiemail", is a canned program written in C that gathers up the contents of the boxes on the form and emails them to a specified destination, then sends a WWW page confirming the action.

"imagemap" is another common use for cgi. Here, the X-Y coordinates of the pointer on an image are correlated with a specification table, so that clicking on different parts of the image will result in different links being followed.

Other cgis might ask for a password, check the password, then access a database for requested information. What it does is up to the programmer, but we do ask that the cgis are reasonable in their usage of CPU time and memory. While we do not require that they be submitted for approval first, out of control programs that hog the CPU and system resources will be hunted down and killed by our system monitors.

Standard pre-installed system cgis reside in the JJsWebDev public cgi-sys subdirectory. Your presonal cgis reside in a web subdirectory named cgi-bin directory under your public_html directory. If your domain is named company.com, you would then access your scripts as http://www.yourdomain.com/cgi-bin, while the pre-installed system scripts are located at http://www.yourdomain.com/cgi-sys. You may need to set up the preinstalled scripts thru your browser control panel to see the correct HTML that is used for such. The browser control panel will walk you thru the simple processes.

See chapter four for more details on CGI.

1.2.6) Real Audio Server & Real Video Server

Real Servers are real time audio and/or video transmission/playing systems. A digital audio or video stream is transmitted from the server over the internet to the destination and played immediately, rather than being stored to disk first and then played. With this feature, visitors to your website need not wait for several minutes, or longer, to listen to an audio file, or view a video file, while the large file is downloading. With Real( technology, the audio/video starts playing from the first few bytes of data that is downloaded. This is called streaming technology.

Each Real( audio or video file you wish to transmit requires two files: a metafile with extension .ram, and the digital audio or video clip itself, with extension .ra. The .ram file holds one or more lines of ASCII text, each of which references the .ra file to be played when the .ram file is accessed by the browser. Entries in .ram files have the form: http://yourdomain.com/realaudio/filename.ra
or
http://yourdomain.com/realvideo/filename.ra Place your .ram and .ra files in the realaudio, or realvideo, subdirectory under your public_html directory. .ram files must be uploaded in ASCII mode while .ra files must be uploaded in BINARY mode. You may then access these files at http://www.yourdomain.com/realaudio/filename.ram
or
http://www.yourdomain.com/realvideo/filename.ram

1.2.7) Capture Mail for Domain

Thru the browser control panel, you can configure your account to redirect all mail for your domain to arive at one email address. You may also configure all mail not specified otherwise to arrive at the "default" address. If no mail address is specified to capture all your non-specified mail, the mail will automatically default to your account username mailbox.

1.2.8) JJsWebDev SMTP Mail Server(tm)

JJsWebDev has the standard SMTP Mail Server(tm) mailing system. In addition to being able to have nearly unlimited auto-responders by simply adding text files to your browser control panel, you can also redirect mail for everyone in your domain by simply clicking a few buttons.

Auto-Responder Example
A auto-responder is set up thru the browser control panel with the email address of help@yourdomain.com and says: We offer you help. Mail to help@yourdomain.com will return the message "We offer you help".

 These messages can be any size, even 100K!

Alias/Forwarding Example
Set up thru the browser control panel mail from "fred@yourdomain.com" to be redirected to "73452.452@compuserve.com ", by simply clicking a button This would redirect mail for fred@yourdomain.com to 73452.452@compuserve.com, etc.

 Mail to a user that was not set up as a pop account, nor as a alias/forwarder, would be sent to the default user

1.3) Using the Email Client Eudora

Eudora connects to the mail server over the Winsock. Mail may be composed and read offline, but make sure that Winsock is running before attempting to send or receive mail.After Eudora has been installed, it must be configured to point to the JJsWebDevmail server. To do this, start Eudora and select "Special" from the menu bar. Then select "Settings". Most of the options are self explanatory.

  • Leave the entries for PH, and Finger blank. Fill in username@yourdomain.com for your POP account (username replaced with your username and yourdomain.com replaced with your domain name). Fill in SMTP server as mail.yourdomain.com, where yourdomain.com is replaced with your domain name. Note: Some ISPs will not let you use any other SMTP server other than their own, so you may have to use your ISPs mail server instead. Contact your ISP for information as to the location of their mail server. Under advanced network features, select 90 seconds for your network timeout. The option save password should be checked. The authentication style should be password option.
  • Under connection method, do not check the offline option.
If you have multiple email addresses, you can install a separate copy of Eudora for each email address. Newer versions of Eudora allow for multiple personalities. You can enter each POP/Login email account as a separate personality and download mail from all or some of these accounts at the same time.

Eudora "Light" is freeware offered by Qualcom and can be downloaded over the net. Eudora "Pro" must be purchased. Search for Eudora under Yahoo for details on how to obtain a copy.